Novel magnetic resonance technique for characterizing mesoscale structure of trabecular bone

Abstract

Osteoporosis, characterized by increased fracture risk and bone fragility, impacts millions of adults worldwide, but effective, non-invasive and easily accessible diagnostic tests of the disease remain elusive. We present a magnetic resonance (MR) technique that overcomes the motion limitations of traditional MR imaging to acquire high-resolution frequency-domain data to characterize the texture of biological tissues. This technique does not involve obtaining full two-dimensional or three-dimensional images, but can probe scales down to the order of 40 μm and in particular uncover structural information in trabecular bone. Using micro-computed tomography data of vertebral trabecular bone, we computationally validate this MR technique by simulating MR measurements of a ‘ratio metric’ determined from a few k-space values corresponding to trabecular thickness and spacing. We train a support vector machine classifier on ratio metric values determined from healthy and simulated osteoporotic bone data, which we use to accurately classify osteoporotic bone.